Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune-mediated disease resulting in the destruction of insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells. Transplantation of insulin-producing islets is a viable treatment to restore euglycemia in Type 1 diabetics; however, the clinical application remains limited due to the use of toxic immunosuppressive therapies to prevent immune-mediated rejection. A nanothin polymer material with dual antioxidant and immunosuppressive properties capable of modulating both innate and adaptive immune responses crucial for transplantation outcome is presented. Through the use of hollow microparticle capsules composed of hydrogen-bonded multilayers of natural polyphenol (tannic acid (TA)) with poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (TA/PVPON) and with poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (TA/PVCL), we demonstrate that autoantigen-stimulated diabetogenic CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in the presence of TA/PVPON or TA/PVCL will secrete attenuated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and decreased synthesis of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. These results provide evidence that TA-containing capsules are efficacious in immunomodulation, protect transplants, and prevent diabetogenic autoreactive T-cell responses.  Transplantation with (TA/PVPON)- or (TA/PVCL)-coated pancreatic islets may decrease the risk of graft rejection due to attenuation of oxidative stress and IFN-γ, and restore euglycemia in Type 1 diabetics.<br/>

Hydrogen-bonded multilayers of tannic acid as mediators of T-cell immunity

252nd National Meeting (2016)

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