In order to impose water-solubility of metal nanoparticles the organic shell must be functionalized with hydrophilic termini. The general approaches include functionalization by oligosaccharides, anionic surfactants with phosphonate, sulfate and sulfonate termini, sulfonated and sulfated long chains, hydroxyl, carboxylate, amine termini PEGs, phosphonated surfactants, polyanilines, calixarenes terminated with hydroxyls, zwitter ionic functional ligands, and silica. None of these techniques uses a reactive metal-based counter-ion that permits the co-deposition of gold and aryl groups; instead the procedures are based on mixing the gold acid with the protective shell under reductive conditions or the in situ place-exchange reactions of the citrate or phosphine-stabilized gold nanoparticles with appropriate functional ligands. We report the synthesis of water-soluble gold-carbon nanoparticles that are passivated with –SO<sub>3</sub>H, OH, or COOH. The nanoparticles are robust to sonication, oxidative conditions, and high concentrations of positive and negative electrolytes. The gold-carbon nanoparticles were characterized using TEM, XPS, UV-Vis, ATR, EDS, and XRD.<br/>

Super robust and water-soluble gold nanoparticles for biomedicine

253rd National Meeting (2017)

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