Urban fruit trees have largely been considered a public health nuisance (concerns range from trip hazards to the attraction of rodents). In response, city planners often plant sterile trees. However, antique urban fruit cultivars are being rediscovered across the US as a source of seasonal fresh fruit for primary consumption and canning. Little is known, however, about the fate and transport of trace elements in these urban soil scapes with an inventory of legacy pollutants, particularly lead. We partnered with the League of Urban Canners in the greater Boston area to quantify trace element concentrations in urban fruit. To date over 200 samples of fruit and herbs have been collected and cataloged including favorites such as apples, peaches, and cherries. To compare the biogeochemical fingerprint of urban fruit with commercially available fruit we also obtained fruit from multiple supermarkets. Samples were blended and dried in an oven and analyzed using pEd-XRF. Based on preliminary analysis, the concentrations of lead are highest in cherries, followed by peaches, apples, and pears. Concentrations of calcium, an essential micronutrient, are higher in urban apples, peaches, and pears than in their commercial counterparts. [Ca], [Rb], and [Fe] were higher in urban fruits for every fruit type tested. Micronutrient concentrations from urban fruit add a new reference frame for the ongoing dialogue on the “dilution hypothesis,” which suggests that nutrient concentrations in produce have declined since the green revolution due to the introduction of phosphorous fertilizers and other changes in soil conditions. GIS mapping and analysis indicate that urban fruit trees have the potential to increase food security in cities. We have observed this impact in large areas of Cambridge and Somerville, and parts of Dorchester and Jamaica Plain. Our research can inform planting initiatives to optimize access to produce through collaboration with urban planners.

Biogeochemical trace element profiles of urban fruit trees: A resource to increase food security

253rd National Meeting (2017)

The official archive and repository for all ACS Meetings & Expositions abstracts and select posters or presentations.