Emerging contaminants in the United States that are being explored for potential regulation are those found on the Contaminant Candidate List (CCL). Advanced oxidation processes are being implemented for the treatment and control of these emerging contaminants. Transformation products from oxidation processes are generally unknown and difficult to characterize, but could potentially be more or as toxic as the parent compound. An effect-direct analysis approach was taken to explore the toxicity of transformation products before and after advanced oxidation using UV and ozone based processes. Twenty-five chemical contaminants on the US Environmental Protection Agency’s CCL<sub>3</sub> in drinking water were examined as they were found to be amenable to hydroxyl radical-based treatment, based on their second order hydroxyl radical rate constants. The effects driven analysis focusing on mutagenicity and estrogenicity, was followed in parallel with their degradation using the Ames and YES bioassays, respectively. The majority of treatment cases resulted in a loss of biological activity upon oxidation of the parent compounds without generation of any form of estrogenicity or mutagenicity. However, an increase in mutagenic activity was detected by from photolytic or oxidative transformation for some nitroso compounds, one organophosphate compound, nitrobenzene, and for quinolone. Only one case of formation of estrogenic activity was observed, also for the oxidation of quinoline by OH radical. Overall, this study provides fundamental and practical information on AOP-based treatment of specific compounds of concern and presents a framework for evaluating the performance of transformation-based treatment processes.

Advanced oxidation-driven transformation of Contaminant Candidate List (CCL<sub>3</sub>) compounds in drinking water

253rd National Meeting (2017)

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Advanced oxidation-driven transformation of Contaminant Candidate List (CCL3) compounds in drinking water

Advanced oxidation-driven transformation of Contaminant Candidate List (CCL₃) compounds in drinking water