Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are essential in our body and sufficient level can only be achieved through our diet. Being conjugated to phospholipids, it is vulnerable to peroxidation in situ by oxidants and free radicals due to the multiple skipped diene units in the structure, and subsequently generate oxidized compounds known as isoprostanoids (IsoPs) and isofuranoids (IsoFs). Under homeostasis or normal oxygen tension, the release of IsoPs predominates whereas under extreme oxidative stress, IsoFs are released in a greater amount. In in vivo, it is hydrolyzed by phospholipase A2 and platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase into free form for circulation. IsoPs and IsoFs from n-6 PUFA, arachidonic acid is recognized as reliable biomarkers to assess oxidative stress in biological systems, and augmentation such as 15-F2t-Isoprostane is considered toxic and often related to diseases. However, other functional IsoPs and IsoFs are released through other PUFAs such as those derived from adrenic acid (n-6 PUFA), where it recently showed to have prognostic values for neurological diseases, and from docosahexaenoic acid (n-3 PUFA) where it displayed bioactive and protective values in vascular diseases. Methods of identification and application of IsoPs and IsoFs in disease models will be explained in this presentation and cautions in interpreting data related to oxidative stress damage through PUFA will be noted.

Oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids: Are they toxic or bioactive?

256th National Meeting (2018)

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