Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global epidemic with an estimated prevalence of 425 million people in 2017 and is projected to rise to over 625 million people by 2045, positioning DM among the top ten causes of death worldwide. DM is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic blood hyperglycemia. The most common type of diabetes is type 2 (DMT2), which occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or it is not produced in sufficient amount. The currently therapy for DMT2 aim to lower blood-glucose levels, including metformin, thiazolidinediones and sulfonylureas. Nevertheless, most of the antidiabetic drugs have limitations associated with their efficacy and side effects profile. Hence, new classes of compounds are required. In this work, we generate a molecular database with the currently approved drugs for diabetes and explored several databases of molecules with reported antidiabetic activity (synthetic chemicals and natural products). The analyses included diversity metrics, structure-activity relationships, scaffold analysis and chemical space representations. The results presented here give an overview of the current approved molecules for diabetes therapy, the challenges to discover new compounds with better pharmacological profiles and the opportunities in the vast and unexplored chemical space.

Outlook on the development of antidiabetic compounds: Databases, scaffolds and current trends

256th National Meeting (2018)

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