High speed ball milling (HSBM) is a scalable, solvent-free technique which incorporates grinding for modification of organic materials. This technique has been gaining favorability because of its many advantages including the use of benign reagents. Since this is a relatively newer method, certain organic synthetic routes and parameters are still being explored. A solventless, acid-base condition has been developed using HSBM to investigate solvent-free nucleophilic substitution reactions and the significance of ion pairing for driving the reactions forward. This approach also takes advantage of the lack of solvent shells to incorporate weaker and safer bases to drive reactions to completion through specific ion pair pathways. It was found with primary halides, the most efficient pathway contained larger and more polarizable cation and anion pairs.

Ion pair reactions in the high speed ball mill

2019 Spring National Meeting

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