Increasing efficiency of biogenic carbon incorporation into conventional fuels is a critical step in biofuels development and adoption.  Co-processing petroleum feedstocks with biomass derived feedstocks leverages the existing petroleum refining infrastructure, which significantly reduces Capex for the overall conversion technologies for biomass to fuel.  Research to date has explored only fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) co-processing of raw pyrolysis bio-oil with vacuum gas oil (VGO) at low blend levels. There are few reports on co-processing of biomass derived intermediates such as bio-oil or bio-crude in hydrotreating/hydrocracking, more extensive work are reported on co-processing of vegetable oils, animal fats, and waste cooking oils with refinery streams in hydrotreating/hydrocracking.  Here, we will present the evaluation of co-processing of three type of bio-oils/bio-crudes, including fast pyrolysis bio-oil (from pine and forest residue), catalytic fast pyrolysis bio-oil (from pine and foresee residue), and HTL bio-crude (from wastewater sludge), with a vacuum gas oil (VGO) over a conventional sulfide catalyst for mild hydrocracking.  The extent of reactions undergoing during co-processing, including hydrodesulfurzation, hydrodenitrogenation, hydrodeoxygenation, and hydrocracking, was measured and compared to VGO only baseline. The impact of co-processing was evaluated and the distribution of biogenic carbon was suggested.  The potential insertion point for each bio-oil/bio-crude, the potential improvement of bio-oil/bio-crude for a better co-processing, and the existing data gap will also be discussed.

Co-processing of biomass thermochemical liquefaction liquids with gas oil in hydrocracking

2019 Fall National Meeting

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