Methane and hydrogen are becoming increasingly important fuels for a variety of factors. The depletion of worldwide petroleum supplies, coupled with the constantly increasing levels of accessible natural gas reserves, make them attractive alternative fuels. Although more than 64 million American homes utilize natural gas for heating, its poor volumetric energy density of just 0.04 MJ/L, compared to 32.4 MJ/L for gasoline, has prevented the widespread use of natural gas in the transportation sector. This problem is exacerbated for hydrogen which has negligible volumetric energy density at STP. Adsorbed gas systems offer promise in this regard, contingent on the advent of porous storage materials with sufficient capacity. Porosity in network solids, including zeolites, activated carbons, and metal-organic frameworks, has been widely interrogated for decades. In molecular systems, however, it is a relatively novel phenomenon. This is somewhat surprising given the fact that porous molecules can display surface areas that rival those of metal-organic frameworks. This talk will focus on the design, synthesis, and characterization of highly porous coordination cages for small molecule storage. Further, it will detail the intriguing interplay between surface area and solubility in a class of paddlewheel-based cages. We have recently shown that these materials, which conceptually serve as soluble metal-organic framework analogs, display impressive porosity under specific synthesis and activation conditions. Although these cages are typically amorphous upon activation, a strategy in which pillaring ligands are utilized endow the materials with high crystallinity and thus compatibility with diffraction methods for the identification and optimization of gas binding sites.

Gas storage in porous coordination cages

2019 Fall National Meeting

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