Final Session: The Fourth Paradigm : Data-Intensive Scientific Discovery: More than 10 years later.

Moderated by Dr. Irina Sens, Dep. Director, TIB, Hannover
In 2009 the book 'The Fourth Paradigm: Data-Intensive Scientific Discovery' was published. It is a collection of provocative, forward-looking essays. The concept focuses on how science can be advanced by sharing data.
Since then there is almost a hype about research data and research data management, but what is the reality? In Germany, the National Research Data Infrastructure program is starting, at European level the EOSC is in the spotlight and STM publishers have declared 2020 to be the STM Research Data Year.

Recycle the Waste!
Prof. Dr. Claudia Draxl, Physics Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Many research data produced today may appear irrelevant in the context they have been produced. Being regarded as waste, they are not published and often thrown away. However, they may turn out highly valuable for other purposes. Moreover, our current publishing style is dominated by success stories. However, when failures are brushed under the carpet, we may not know why something fails. Overall, a cultural shift in publishing is urgently needed. Let’s emphasize that the R in FAIR (reusability) also means “store, share, and recycle the waste!” In other words, data need to become Findable and AI ready – an alternative interpretation of the acronym FAIR.

STM Research Data Year 2020 - A Review
Dr. James Milne, President, ACS Publications, Oxford, and Chairman of the Board of STM, the International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers
Regardless of the field of study, sharing data is one of the most fundamental aspects of Open Science and of maintaining the integrity of research. As publishers are pivotal in encouraging authors to share data, linked to their publications and cited properly, STM dedicated 2020 as the Research Data Year. In this presentation the activities, results and outcomes of this program will be reviewed and evaluated. It will also present the plans going forward, aimed at structurally making the sharing, linking and citing of research data an integral part of scholarly communication.

European Open Science Cloud
Prof. Dr. Karel Luyben, Chair of the Executive Board of the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC), Brussels
The Web of FAIR data for Science is defined as the set of services that will allow scientists and machines to collaborate in storing, processing, finding, accessing and reusing scientific data. These services will leverage the interoperability of data sets offered by services complying to EOSC rules of participation. These services will be generic as well as specific:
Generic services will be used by any scientist (e.g. data onboarding, data transfer, data discovery, helpdesk services, ...).
Specific services (also called applications) will be used by scientists depending upon their domain of expertise (e.g. visualization services, statistical analysis services, domain specific services, cross-domain services, ...).