The MXene field continues to grow and expand as more research groups join the exploration of this fascinating and very large family of 2D materials. More than 30 stoichiometric MXenes and numerous solid solutions have been experimentally produced and many more predicted and studied computationally. While the synthesis and applications of MXenes have been widely discussed in the literature, their characterization is often overlooked. Due to the large variety of MXene structures and compositions, it is often necessary to use multiple advanced characterization techniques within a single study as each characterization technique has its quirks, pitfalls, and benefits when applied to MXenes. This review focuses on the utilization of advanced characterization techniques, including Raman spectroscopy, XRD, electron microscopy, and XPS, to confirm the synthesis of MXene and determine its composition, structure, and properties. Researchers should look to this presentation as a guide to help them understand which techniques and in what sequence to use for the characterization of their MXene samples and leverage the best characterization practices developed to date.  Advanced in-situ microscopic characterization techniques can provide further insights into the MXene structure and its changes upon heating, electrochemical cycling, or other processes used in the preparation and operation of MXene-based devices. A similar strategy is applicable when exploring other new classes of nanomaterials.

The variety of MXene structures and compositions - Opportunities in applications and challenges in characterization

ACS Spring Meeting 2021

The official archive and repository for all ACS Meetings & Expositions abstracts and select posters or presentations.