Recently, several classes of air-stable n-dopants, which can be handled and processed by those who are not having any special expertise, have been developed. 2-Substituted-1,3-dimethylbenzimidazolium derivatives (Y-DMBI) have been very versatile and are air-stable and suitable for both in vacuum and solution processing. Benzimdazolium halides (Y-DMBI+ X−), hydride reduced species (Y-DMBI-H), and dimeric compounds (Y-DMBI)2 can all act, in different circumstances, as efficient n-type dopants, some achieving highest conductivities in case of small molecules as well as polymeric materials (fullerenes and polymer (PNDI2OD-T2)). However, Y-DMBI+ X− and Y-DMBI-H are thought to yield X2 and H2 respectively as side products that might adversely affect the performance and the stability of the devices. In this context, we prepared (N-DMBI)2 (II), Y = p-Me2NC6H4, the dimeric form of N-DMBI-H and similar to previously studied metallocene dimers. Recently doping using (N-DMBI)2, due to its stronger reducing strength and a planar doped cation N-DMBI+, resulted an enhanced thermoelectric performance of a conjugated polymer FBDPPV. We also synthesized new dimeric compounds (I'2 and II'2), and are stronger electron donors based on respective dimeric potentials by introducing 4,7-dialkoxy substituents. Hence they are expected to be more reactive, atleast via the electron-transfer-first pathway than dimer dissociation.

Benzimidazole-Based Dimeric Compounds as n-Type Dopants for Organic Electronics

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