The research at the prehistoric sites at Affad in Southern Dongola Reach spans almost a decade and unfortunately ends with the archaeological loci anihilation due to the development of industrial farms. Our team's research has demonstrated the importance of archaeological and palaeoecological data in understanding the behavior of late Pleistocene and early Holocene human groups. Analyzes of stone processing technology made it possible to identify a number of features of knowledge and skills transfer in the MSA communities around 50 kya. The discovery of the remains of light wooden instlations/shelters served as a milestone in the perception of the adaptive potential of groups during the „Out of Africa” event. Discovery of the remains of aurochs contributed not only to broadening the knowledge about its range, but also shed light on its signficance in the pre-pastoral hunting strategies. The attempts to establish the absolute chronology of the Palaeolithic sites also contributed to the improvement of knowledge about the limitations of methods commonly used in prehistorich studies - from optical methods through radiocarbon to electrospin resonance. The isotope analyzes is another topic in prehistoric research in Sudan that we introduced, and constantly develope according to both Pleistocene and Holocene materials.

Achievements of PalaeoAffad Project 2012-2021