The need to reduce carbon dioxide emissions has been at the forefront of sustainable development globally. Resource depletion typically accompanies these emission concerns and is a direct consequence of meeting the needs of the growing populations. The realization of circular economy within present-day systems thereby provides an opportunity for tackling both emissions and resource depletion simultaneously. Industrial parks are characterized by this circularity in that they aim towards reducing fresh inputs while reducing waste generation through process integration. Different emission reduction pathways such as carbon capture utilization and storage systems, renewable energy, and more recently negative emission technologies, are incorporated with these networks to achieve their goal of being sustainable and circular. Process integration allows for the effective exchange of resources to enable these networks to meet specified economic and environmental objectives. Over time, the interactions of these resources is expected to vary based on a number of external and internal factors. The incorporation of a time horizon to these parks is therefore integral since it will allow in assessing circularity in the presence of fluctuations. The approach described in this work integrates a time horizon to the synthesis of optimized industrial parks through the integration of multiple resources to achieve both carbon negativity and profitability. A mixed-integer linear programming model will be used to design networks where the total carbon dioxide utilized by the network is greater than that released from it. The approach presented will allow policymakers to analyze and implement different strategies, which are typically systematic changes made over time, while assessing the impact of reduction pathways to tackle emissions. An example will illustrate how the method can transform a network from a carbon positive to a carbon negative network by incorporating different reduction pathways over time.

Optimization over a time horizon for progressive carbon negative industrial parks

ACS Fall 2021

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