Programmable shape-shifting materials can take different physical forms to achieve multifunctionality in a dynamic and controllable manner. Through design of geometrically patterned surface, e.g. microchannels, we preprogram the orientational elasticity in liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) to direct folding of the 2D sheets into arbitrary, desired 3D shapes, which can be triggered by heat. When adding functional nanofillers (e.g. cellulose nanocrystals, carbon nanotubes, graphene and gold nanorods), we can embed intelligence and create forceful and more efficient LCE composites that are responsive to IR light and electric field. We demonstrate tendon-like filaments as high strength, dual-adaptive actuators in soft robotic applications, where different modes of locomotion can be achieved. Further, we can reprogram the same film made from LCE/Au nanorods to realize multiple shapes simply by exposing the film to IR light through a set of photomasks.

Preprogramming and reprogramming of liquid crystal elastomer composites

ACS Fall 2021

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