Several anthropogenic activities have led to the emergence of exotic-invasive species, which when installed cause harmful impacts on the environment. However, it has been shown that, based on their characteristics, as is the content of enzymes can be used as a potential agent in the remediation of soils hydrocarbons- contaminated soils, pollutant that causes damage to the ecosystem, biota and health in general. The degradation of hydrocarbons through the use of enzymes is proposed as an innovative alternative in bioremediation processes, since it has lower costs than conventional, shorter remediation times, greater removal efficiencies and less waste generation. In the present study, the extraction of two different vegetable enzymes (S1, S2-A and S2-B) was performed, to which their enzymatic hydrolytic activity was evaluated by means of different substrates and emulsifiers at a range of pH and temperature established. The optimal conditions obtained were used in two bioremediation assays for 49 days, in order to verify the influence of the pH and optimal temperature, an assay was performed under environmental conditions (S2-AC), which served as a control test. The results obtained in the enzymatic hydrolytic activity determine that S1 does not have an optimal operating temperature due to its value of 16.94%, being relatively lower than the species S2 and its variants (S2-A and S2-B), which presented values of 99.78% and 65.30%, respectively. From the bioremediation assays, it was found that when using the optimal operating conditions, the percentages of removal of the pollutant from the control test are higher, given that the species S2-A yielded a degradation value of hydrocarbons in soil of 94.26% and S2-B (which was biostimulated) of 99.90%, while the control of 14.41%. This will allow the extension of research on the use of enzymes extracted from exotic-invasive species to be applied as a feasible technology for the remediation of hydrocarbons- contaminated soils, favouring the removal of the soil in a short time and being a treatment applicable ex situ.

Importance of optimal pH and temperature of the enzymes extracted from exotic-invasive species applied in the bioremediation of hydrocarbons-contaminated soils

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