Introduction & Objectives
A fundamental factor in the classification of bladder cancer is the involvement of the muscle layer in the pathological process. Despite the progress achieved in the morphological diagnosis of bladder cancer, the issues of scientific support for the creation of new high-precision and effective methods for early diagnosis are an urgent problem of modern oncourology.
Purposes of the study: determination of optical markers of bladder cancer using Raman spectroscopy.
Materials & Methods
We studied the material obtained from 85 patients diagnosed with bladder cancer (male –65, female – 20), who were examined and treated at the oncology department of the BSMU Clinic. Tumor tissues of the urinary bladder removed during TUR of the bladder and radical cystoprostatvesiculectomy were examined. Tumor tissue sample: without sample preparation. The study of the samples was carried out on a Horiba Scientific apparatus. Configuration: wavelength 785 nm, grating 1200 gr / mm, filter 100%, confocal aperture 300 μm. Integration time 50 s. Spectral data analysis was carried out using Spectragryph software.
Results
Recurrence after 3 months was detected in 2 patients (primary histology peaks corresponded to T1G3. Secondary histology - T2G3). Peaks: high peaks 564 cm-1, 1450 cm-1, 1650 cm-1, 850 cm-1, 2930 cm-1. Recurrence after 6 months - in 5 patients (2 patients T1G3: 1 patient - T1G3, 2 patients - transfer to T2G3, after 12 months in both of them no recurrence was not verified, 3 patients - T2G3: 2 patients completed radical cystectomy and 1 evisceration). Peaks: Patient 2 - transfer to T2G3: initially high peaks at 564 cm-1, 865 cm-1, 1450 cm-1, 1650 cm-1, 850 cm-1, 2935 cm-1 (primary histology matched T2G3 peaks). 3 patients - T2G3 - 2 radical cystectomy and 1 evisceration: 565 cm-1, 655 cm-1, 850 cm-1, 1420 cm-1, 1450 cm-1, 1650 cm-1, 2290 cm-1, 2870 cm -1, 2930 cm-1, 3120 cm-1, 3254 cm-1, 3150 cm-1 (initially histologically T2G3, MRI revealed no germination, primary histology had peaks T3-T4G3). Recurrence after 12 months - 3 patients (2 patients initially T2G3, 1 patient with primary histology T1G3 – recurrence corresponded to multifocal lesion - the patient completed radical cystectomy). Patient T1G3: 560 cm-1, 1450 cm-1, 1650 cm-1, 2930 cm-1, 3055 cm-1, 3120 cm-1 (peaks from T3-4G3).
Conclusions
Raman spectroscopy can be used in the early diagnosis of bladder cancer, to confirm the fact of tumor invasion, in the algorithm for treating patients.

Specific optical spectral tumor markers of bladder cancer

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We will take you on our journey to Ghent and beyond. Prior the congress, we send out case challenges, where you can compare your opinion with peers & experts. These cases will be part of the Global Congresses on Prostate & Bladder Cancer programme during the congress days (12 & 13 October for PROSCA and 14 & 15 October for BLADDR). After these days, you will be updated on prostate & bladder cancer management.