Background   
On March 15, 2020, Spanish government decreted severe lockdown measures with restriction of physical outdoor activities, social interactions and primary care health centers focused in COVID. It is well-known that diabetic patient benefits from physical activity and appropriate nutrition. 

Aim  
To analyze the trend of metabolic controls in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), during the COVID lockdown in our country.

Method  
Observational study in Primary Care. Clinical and analytical variables of all patients with T2D belonging to a contingent are collected, evaluating: age, sex, years of diabetes` evolution, treatment, anthropometric parameters and laboratory figures (including cholesterol, triglycerides, HbA1c) as well as an assessment, once the end of the alarm state has been declared, of the appropriate measure for that specific patient.

References  
Of 120 subjects analyzed, data can be obtained before/after lockdown in a total of 75 (62.5%), 39 (52%) men. Mean glycemic values have increased from a mean of 139.2 +/- 43.8 mg/dL to 154.6 +/- 57 mg/dL (p = 0.008), blood pressure from 131 +/- 12.9/ 77.6 +/- 9.7 mmHg to 132.1 +/- 14.8/77.5 +/- 9.2 mmHg (p < 0.001). The mean HbA1c value went from 7.29 +/- 1.22 % before confinement to 7.61 +/- 1.73 % after (p = 0.025). Body mass index raised from 27.9 +/- 4.6 kg/m2 to 30.3 +/- 1.6 kg/m2 (p < 0.001). The requirements once the lockdown was finished, were in 30.7% to intensify the treatment; in 12% add or change a drug and in 5.3% start insulinization. A total of 30 subjects (40%) suffered a worsening (considering HbA1c increase greater than 0.3%).

Conclusions  
In Spain, confinement has worsened, in a short space of time, control parameters of patients with T2D from a medical contingent. Approximately 4 out of 10 subjects have suffered a worsening.The fact of attending only patients with a diagnosis of COVID led to a neglect in the follow-up of diabetic patients that we will have to urgently resume in order to avoid their deterioration in complications related to diabetes. 



Impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Spain on metabolic control of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus