Metal materials are used widely in industry for piping, as they provide desirable material properties for use in harsh environments. In this work, we explore different flexible pipe joint designs that enable fluid transport in flexible heat transfer devices. Flexible joints would allow heat transfer devices to fit in variable cooling areas. The proposed flexible joints will be additive manufactured in metal with the goal of maximizing their bending angles, while minimizing volume. The objective of this research is to develop flexible pipes to connect parts involving fluid flow, and we propose three types of flexible joint designs: 1) helical coil spring, 2) torsional coil spring, and 3) serpentine structure. Then, we introduce a low-cost design process to improve these joint designs.Metal additive manufacturing (AM) offers increased design flexibility in comparison to traditional metal manufacturing methods. However, metal AM can be labor intensive and costly, thus the number of design iterations using metal AM should be minimized during the design process. To reduce the frequency of metal prototyping, we used plastic AM for rapid prototyping and evaluation.The flexible joint design iterations considered the effects of pipe shape, pipe size, spring pitch, spring diameter, free length, and total pipe length. Although mathematical models do exist for the three types of flexible designs, they tend to be complex, difficult to implement, and specific to certain types of boundary conditions. In our experience, it is faster and more meaningful to perform experimental parametric studies using plastic prototypes due to accessibility and cost-effectiveness of plastic AM. However, analytical models do offer significant insights during the design process. Thus, we developed simple analytical models for each of the three types of flexible joint designs which can be used in the initial design phase.Two different scaling strategies were used to approximate the behavior of equivalent metal designs using plastic prototypes, and tests were performed to characterize the designs. Then, finite element simulations were performed for plastic prototypes and these simulations were validated against experimental data. We show that the results from analytical models, finite element simulations, and testing results for plastic prototypes are consistent, and these tools can be used to predict performance of metal designs. In this paper, we discuss the following findings: 1) development of simple analytical models, including successes, limitations, and challenges; 2) the role of finite element simulations in the design process; 3) testing results from the three types of joint design; 4) quantification, interpretation, and discussion of testing results.

Design, Modeling, Simulation, and Testing of Flexible Joint

Paper Proceedings: https://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/IMECE/IMECE2021/volume/85543

ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE2021)

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