This paper demonstrates that the novel approach in [1] for modelling conjugate heat transfer between fluid and solid elements within a single 1D system analysis solver can be extended to include 2D and 3D elements.&nbsp; The approach is applied to the Secondary Air System of a Gas Turbine.The Secondary Air System design has to balance minimizing engine bleed whilst ensuring sufficient cooling. To achieve this, designers must model both the secondary air flow and the temperature distribution in solid components. System CFD can model the flow, pressure and temperature distributions and a thermal solver is used to perform a thermal analysis of the blade and disc solids that interacts with the flow system. The thermal interaction of the secondary flow system together with the solid components is a key part of the model and is known as conjugate heat transfer analysis.Typically, &nbsp;a heterogenous approach is used [2-5] to independently model the solid in a 3D tool with the temperature being passed backwards and forwards as a boundary condition to a system tool.&nbsp; This approach, albeit useful, has a number of disadvantages including numerical stability; conservation accuracy and the requirement for geometry data early in the design lifecycle when this may not be available or stable.This paper presents a new approach to modelling of both thermal fluids system and the thermal solid system with conjugate heat transfer within a single solution framework using 1D system analysis tool Simcenter Flomaster.&nbsp; Such an approach allows faster modelling and consistent model accuracy of both thermal fluids and thermal solid system models, especially in the early concept design stage of the V-cycle of the engineering design, where either the detailed geometry of the solid thermal system is yet to be decided or the design is subject to rapid change.&nbsp;Additionally, the paper demonstrates that the co-solution approach can be extended to create an integrated simulation with 2D and 3D solvers such as Simcenter 3D.&nbsp; The ability to replace 1D elements with 2/3D elements allows model continuity from conceptual to detailed design and the reverse process potentially offers a route for model reduction later in lifecycle to support operation and maintenance through the use of a digital twin.The 1D system model of conjugate heat transfer between the thermal fluids and solid thermal system has been verified with an idealized analytical solution and with 1D/3D surrogate solutions.&nbsp; It is shown that the model can be applied to the analysis of a gas turbine secondary air system including both the flows inside the cavities and the thermal analysis of the rotor and stator discs forming the boundaries of these cavities using Simcenter Flomaster alone.&nbsp;Reference&nbsp;1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hunt, DL, Yuan, Y, “Modelling Conjugate Heat Transfer Within A Gas Turbine Secondary Air System Using Thermo-Fluid System Simulation”; Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2020; GT2020-14202.2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Vlad Ganine, Nick Hills, Matt Miller, Chris Barnes, Steve Curzons, Lynne Turner and Peter Smout; “Implicit Heterogeneous 1d/2d Coupling for Aero-Thermo-Mechanical Simulation of Secondary Air Systems”; Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2015; GT2015-43406.3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; WU Hong, LI Peng and LI Yulong, “Simulation of Unsteady State Performance of a Secondary Air System by the 1D-3D-Structure Coupled Method”; Journal of Thermal Science Vol.25, No.1 (2016) pp68-77.4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Giuntini, S, Andreini, A, Facchini, D; “Finite Element Transient Modelling for Aero-Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of Whole Gas Turbine Engine”; Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2019, GT2019-91278.5.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Guilherme Tondello, Wolodymir Boruszewski, Fernando Mengele, Marcelo Assato, Silvio Shimizu and Shayne Ziegler; “Coupled Simulation of The Secondary Air Flow, Heat Transfer, And Structural Deflection of A Gas Turbine Engine”; Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2012; GT2012-69924.

Modelling Conjugate Heat Transfer Within a Gas Turbine Secondary Air System Using 1d and 2-3d Solid Models in Thermo-Fluid System Simulation

Paper Proceedings: https://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/GT/GT2021/volume/84898

Turbo Expo 2021

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