Extraction of bioactive compounds using environmentally friendly solvents is at growing significant interest. Vaccinium meridionale pomace is a rich source of bioactive compounds including anthocyanins and other phenolics. The purpose of this study was to use ultrasound-assisted extraction and Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) to achieve an eco-friendly extraction of polyphenols form V. meridionale pomace. NADES based on choline chloride as the hydrogen bond acceptor and malic acid as hydrogen bond donor in 1:1, 2:1 and 1:2 molar ratios, respectively, were prepared. Water was added as the third component of the mixture in 30% and 50% w/w proportions to each mixture. Results were compared to those obtained with the control solvent (80% aqueous methanol). The anthocyanin concentration in the 1:1:50% (31.0 ± 0.6 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside/g DW) and the 2:1:50% (30.2 ± 0.4 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside/g DW) mixtures was significantly higher than that one of the control (12.5 ± 2.8 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside/g DW). The highest total phenolics content were obtained with the 1:2:50% (217.7 ± 7.8 mg GAE/g DW, and the 2:1:30% (228.0 ± 21.3 mg GAE/g DW) with superior extraction capacity with respect to 80 % methanol (82.8 ± 2.4 mg GAE/g DW). The highest antioxidant activity as determined by the ABTS method was found in the extracts obtained with the 1:1:50% (172.8 ± 8.9 mmol TE/g DW), 1:1:30% (166.8 ± 9.9 mmol TE/g DW), and the 2:1:30% mixtures (162.1 ± 2.5 mmol TE/g DW). These results demonstrate that NADES based on choline chloride and malic acid represent an environmentally friendly alternative for the isolation of valuable phenolic compounds from V. meridionale pomace.

Ecofriendly extraction of polyphenolic compounds from Vaccinium meridionale fruit by-product with natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES)

ACS Spring 2022

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