On-water synthesis classifies a group of chemical reactions in which the reactants form an emulsion in an aqueous medium. The reactions result in a higher yield of the expected product(s) at a faster rate than in other solvents or neat conditions. On-water reactions contribute significantly towards green methodology development as sonication does as a green technique. As a part of our ongoing research in greener methodology development, we have developed an on-water green synthetic procedure of synthesizing varyingly substituted quinoxalines under sonication. Our newly developed expeditious method complies with many criteria of green chemistry. Next, we have studied the protein-ligand interactions of the quinoxalines with the biomolecular targets of two major neglected tropical diseases (NTDs): Chagas’ disease and leishmaniasis. One of the quinoxaline derivatives showed comparable results with the commercial drugs miltefosine and nifurtimox. In the long run, as reported herein, this greener method may contribute to developing a trypanocidal and leishmanicidal drug with higher potency and selectivity.

On-water green synthesis of medicinally privileged quinoxalines

ACS Spring 2022

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