In as-produced fast pyrolysis bio-oils, low alloy steels, such as 2.25Cr-1Mo, 5Cr-1Mo, and 9Cr-1Mo grades, are not corrosion compatible. To identify alloys with sufficient corrosion compatibility, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to semi-quantitatively assess the corrosion resistance of several commercial stainless steels in a bio-oil and bio-oil + organic corrodents.   Low-Ash Low-Moisture (LALM) bio-oil, produced from a forest residue feedstock by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, CO, was used as the base liquid. Formic acid, catechol, and lactobionic acid were added as organic corrodents to LALM bio-oil to intentionally increase corrosivity. The electrochemical impedance data were fitted to estimate corrosion reaction resistance which was then used to compare the corrosion compatibility each stainless steel in LALM bio-oil and LALM bio-oil + organic corrodent(s). The results indicated the critical Cr content of stainless steels for corrosion resistance should be higher than 14 wt % without Ni and Mo contents but about 12–13 wt % if there are appreciable amounts of Ni and Mo in the alloy.

Electrochemical analysis of corrosion of stainless steels in forest residue pyrolysis bio-oil with added organic corrodents

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