Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), a cationic quaternary ammonium compound (QAC), plays a key role as a broad spectrum antiseptic active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in a wide range of healthcare products. Although it is highly desirable to develop drug delivery systems (DDSs) comprising CPC to deliver targeted antibacterial action or controlled-release thereof, our understanding of CPC-containing DDSs are currently limited. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of cetylpyridinium trichlorostannate (CPC-Sn) which is a new material composed of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and stannous chloride . The solid state structure was unambiguously elucidated via single crystal X-ray diffraction measurements indicating a stoichiometry of C21H38NSnCl3 where the cetylpyridinium cation and a [SnCl3] − anion are arranged in a 1:1 ratio. CPC-Sn has shown potential for application as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, to reduce bacteria-generated volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) and to produce advanced functional materials. CPC-Sn exhibits superior antibacterial efficacy as compared to previously reported CPC analogues (e.g., cetylpyridinium tetrachlorozincate), especially evident in VSC reduction experiments. Its dissolution characteristics, obtained from electrical resistance tomography (ERT), showed that CPC-Sn exhibits extended dissolution properties as opposed to CPC in an aqueous environment. This research suggests that CPC-Sn is a viable and effective antimicrobial agent to combat the global healthcare issues associated with oral and dermal disease, such as hospital infection, medical device biofilms, and antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, this work paves the way for developing advanced DDSs comprising CPC or other QACs.

Cetylpyridinium trichlorostannate: synthesis, antimicrobial properties and controlled-release properties via electrical resistance tomography

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ACS Fall 2022

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