Silicone-based additives can be used to improve the slip/mar performance of waterborne acrylic coatings. By using a combination of automated high throughput and conventional benchtop testing methods, we studied various silicone slip/mar additives in a model waterborne acrylic coating formulation. These silicone additives are made of either silicone gum dispersions or silicone polyethers, and have different particle sizes or polymer chain architectures. We investigated their influences on various properties of coatings, including the coefficient of friction, mar resistance, gloss, and surface roughness, etc. We find that coatings containing micron-sized silicone gum dispersions have the lowest coefficient of friction and the highest mar resistance, however, they have the highest surface roughness and the lowest gloss. Coatings containing submicron-sized silicone gum dispersions have smaller improvements in the slip/mar performance, but they are substantially smoother and glossier than those containing micron-sized silicone gum dispersions. Coatings with silicone polyether additives have the smallest improvements in the slip/mar performance, however, they have the highest smoothness and gloss. With atomic force microscopy analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, we find that micron-sized silicone gum dispersions are more likely to undergo surface segregation than other silicone additives in waterborne acrylic coatings. There is a strong correlation between the surface segregation of silicone additives and their influences on the slip/mar performances of waterborne acrylic coatings.

Fundamental studies of silicone slip/mar additives in waterborne acrylic coatings using automated high throughput and benchtop testing methods

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