Petro-synthetic compounds are generally utilized in industry to accomplish high-mechanical strength of adhesives for wood application which process of synthesis released toxicity in the environment and cause a health concern. In this research, eco-friendly bio-based polymer, sunflower polyol was used to formulate polyurethane resin (PU). Polyol was prepared from sunflower oil through epoxidation and ring-opening reaction which present hydroxyl functional group as per examination of FT-IR and OH-value. Hydroxyl groups are further attached to the group of isocyanate by the addition of diisocyanate and give a cross-linked structure that provides strong adhesion properties to the wood surface via hot pressing at various temperatures. Adhesion properties were also characterized by FT-IR, tensile, thermal, and environmental analysis. Prepared adhesive applied on the wood surface and hot-pressed at 100 °C for 5 minutes gives the best outcome. Without the addition of fillers, test results give strong tensile strength of about 6.6 MPa. To improve the strength of adhesive, different types of silicon dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>) were also used as fillers to observe mechanical strength. This research presents a convenient route to the synthesis of bio-based adhesive to achieve higher mechanical strength for wood bonding applications at a lower cost.

Polyurethane resin-based bio-adhesives with high mechanical strength for wood applications

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