Propolis is a natural resinous mixture of compounds made by bees by combining their wax with vegetable resins obtained from tree and bush species. Because of the varied spectrum of biological and pharmacological effects related to the variety of its chemical composition, it has been used in folk medicine of various civilizations from ancient times. Propolis has been claimed to have different biological activities, depending on factors such as hive, region, and season. As a result, it has been used as a unique natural element in cough syrups, dietary supplement tablets, antiacne creams, and face and body lotions in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic sectors. Propolis powders, liquid extracts, sprays, and capsules are among the commercially available propolis products. The antioxidant activity of different widely available bee propolis products was investigated in this study. Powders, liquid extracts, and sprays are among the commercial goods examined. The antioxidant activity of these items was determined using the DPPH and ABTS assays. In addition, the Folin-Ciocalteu assay was used to determine the total phenolic content of various propolis products. The results reveal a direct link between phenolic concentration and antioxidant capacity. In comparison to liquid products, solid products have a larger phenolic content (drops and sprays).

Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of commercially available bee propolis

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