Derivatization improves glyphosate, AMPA, and glufosinate chromatographic properties, allowing for more successful separation and detection using traditional detection technologies. The chemical process swaps the hydrogen atom in the amino group in the molecule's aromatic rings to deliver the chromophore and fluorophore groups. Derivatization can be done either pre-column or post-column. However, pre-column derivatization is the optimum alternative due to simplified system construction, a wide range of derivatization reagents, and a high sensitivity measurement. Due to a lack of understanding regarding the impact of various derivatizing processes on detecting these compounds, it is challenging to build a valid analytical technique for evaluating the environmental toxicity of glyphosate, glufosinate, and AMPA. This study demonstrates a reproducible analytical approach for assessing pre-column derivatized glyphosate and glufosinate at low levels using ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectral spectroscopy. The separation effectiveness of pre-column derivatization employing 9-fluorenylmethylchloroformate (FMOC-Cl) is shown to be significantly reliant on reaction duration and the optimum EDTA and borax buffer concentrations. Increased concentrations of FMOC-Cl and EDTA resulted in significantly more spectral absorption (p&lt; 0.05). The lower concentration of the derivatizing agent and borax shortened the reaction time by 70%. The addition of the borax buffer ensured the complete reaction of the target analytes and the FMOC-Cl. The conditions for successful derivatization involved the addition of 2.5mM FMOC-Cl to a 5% (w/v) borate buffer and a 1%(w/v) EDTA buffer for an 4-hour derivatization period. This study has the potential to fill knowledge gaps in the development of sensitive analytical methods for detecting glyphosate, glufosinate, and AMPA at low concentrations. We anticipate that this analytical technique will assist in improving the detection and quantification of glyphosate, AMPA, and glufosinate in the environment. Furthermore, this analytical technique can provide practical solutions for protecting vulnerable ecosystems and human health and advancing agroecosystem management.

Spectrophotometric determination of glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), and glufosinate using pre-column derivatization

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ACS Fall 2022

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