Gut microbiota-mediated metabolism of dietary compounds plays an important role in the health effects of these compounds due to the facts that metabolites generated by gut microbiota may have various biological functions. Pterostilbene, curcumin, tangeretin, and nobiletin are unique methoxylated dietary compounds. They have shown multiple biofunctions such as anti-inflammation and anti-tumorigenesis. Previous studies have demonstrated demethylation ability of a commongut bacterium, Eubacterium limosum. However, the impact of Eubacterium limosum on the abovementioned methoxylated compounds is unknown. Herein, we characterized metabolic reactions of these compounds mediated by Eubacterium limosum. In an anaerobic environment, pterostilbene, curcumin, tangeretin, and nobiletin were converted to various metabolites such as resveratrol, didemethylhexahydrocurcumin, didemethyloctahydrocurcumin, demethyltangeretin, demethylnobiletin during in vitro fermentation with Eubacterium limosum. Metabolites and intermediates formed were determined and quantified using LC/MS. It was found that demethylation and reduction were the two major reactions carried out by Eubacterium limosum. The genes in E.limosum that are responsible for the metabolic reactions were characterized by RNA-seq.

Metabolism of methoxylated dietary compounds by Eubacterium limosum, a gut bacterium

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