<br/>In this work, we describe the synthesis and characterization of novel alkoxy TEMPOs with potential application in organic non-aqueous redox flow batteries. The behavior of a series of TEMPO derivatives with varying levels of hydrophobic character is analyzed in acetonitrile solutions using electrochemistry, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and measurements of permeability through several membranes. Electrochemical redox potentials are only weakly dependent on the substituent, while exchange current densities derived from the data do depend on these substitutions. EPR lends further insight into these properties via determination of hyperfine splitting constants, which correlate with the rate constant data, and rotational correlation times, which can be compared to the diffusion coefficients of species in solution. Finally, permeation rates of TEMPO through membranes depends significantly on membrane type, providing some context for capacity fade measurements in the literature.

Synthesis and electrochemical characterization of alkoxy-TEMPO aminoxyl radicals for energy storage applications

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