Nardostachys jatamansi rhizome has been widely used in ayurveda, homeopathy, local healthcare, and modern medicine. Supercritical fluid extraction (SCFE) as a green alternative to conventional extraction, bioactive compounds were extracted from Nardostachys jatamansi using supercritical CO2 as a tunable solvent. The effect of temperature and pressure has been analyzed on extraction yield. Response surface methodology has been used for the optimization of process parameters such as pressure, temperature, and time. The optimized condition was found to be 200 bar, 333 K for 120 min of dynamic extraction. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Nardostachys jatamansi were analyzed at optimum extraction conditions. Spirojatamol and Jatamansone were identified in the optimized parameters of a supercritical extract of Nardostachys jatamansi (SCFE-NJ) by GC-MS. SCFE-NJ inhibited the proliferation of stomach cancer cells (AGS) analyzed by MTT assay. The results of the cytotoxicity assay were found to corroborate with in silico docking-based binding affinity analysis with potential targets of stomach cancer. Hence, our findings collectively propose the potential of SCFE-NJ in modulating stomach cancer cell proliferation. Further in vivo studies will open channels for the development of these molecules as therapeutic agents for stomach cancer.

Supercritical fluid extraction optimization using response surface methodology from Nardostachys jatamansi for modulating proliferation of stomach cancer cells

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