One of the most efficient mechanisms for creating carbon-carbon bonds in organic synthesis is the Michael (conjugate) addition reaction. Over the years, Lewis acid catalysts have shown significant improvements in both reaction time and yield for this process. Numerous unique substrates have been used in this reaction along with novel strategies created for target- and diversity-oriented asymmetric synthesis. In this work, we tested the reactivity of different substituted aniline rings with α,β-unsaturated carbonyls in the presence of <i>NNN</i>-copper(II) catalysts in water. The catalytic efficiency of these copper-based systems was optimized by varying reaction time, catalyst loading, reducing agents, and changing solvents. These highly planar Cu (II)-systems also have been shown to bind to DNA providing a hybrid chiral environment that can be used for asymmetric transformations.

Exploring a tridentate (<i>NNN</i>)-based Cu(II) catalyst for use in conjugate addition of anilines to activated olefins to access C-N bond formation under mild conditions

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Exploring a tridentate (NNN)-based Cu(II) catalyst for use in conjugate addition of anilines to activated olefins to access C-N bond formation under mild conditions