Na-Fe batteries are an attractive alternative to conventional lithium-ion (LIB) batteries due to their low cost and eco-friendly components. The Fe3+/Fe4+ redox reaction provides similar operating voltages and specific energy densities to that of LIB batteries. In addition, NaFeO2 stabilizes as an O3-type layered structure due to Na having a larger ionic size than Li in the LiFeO2 battery (which has a tetragonal structure: space group I41/amd). Mössbauer spectroscopy is a useful tool for probing the local electronic and structural environment around the iron nuclei. In particular, it can measure the relative concentration of Fe3+ to Fe4+ as a function of the state of charge of the battery. In this presentation, I will discuss how in-situ Mössbauer spectroscopy was used to map out the effect of various electrolytes on the performance of NaFeO2 batteries. This was done by observing the time dependence of isomer shifts and quadrupole splittings as a function of the state of charge of the battery.

Using in-situ Mössbauer spectroscopy to study the degradation of NaFeO2 batteries

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