Transition metal oxide anodes based on conversion reactions have become promising candidate anode materials for Li-ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacity, low cost and safety. Over the past two decades, many research groups have found that an extra reversible capacity beyond the theoretical limit based on the conversion reaction appeared in transition metal oxide battery cells. Several different mechanisms have been proposed such as the growth of a polymer/gel-like film, generation of LiOH and subsequent reversible reaction between LiOH and Li, interfacial reaction on metal/Li<sub>2</sub>O nanocomposites, spin-polarized electrons stored in iron nanoparticles, and formation of metallic Li-rich phase. In our recent study, MoO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticle electrode showed an outstanding increase in capacity upon cycling, which reached more than twice its theoretical capacity based on a conversion reaction mechanism. To investigate this interesting phenomenon, operando synchrotron X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy, as well as ex situ scanning and transmission electron microscopy were employed to understand the dynamic phase and structure changes during cycling. In this talk, our recent research on understanding the anomalously high lithium storage in Molybdenum oxide electrode will be presented.

Understanding anomalously high lithium storage in molybdenum oxide nanoparticle electrode

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