Firstly, in vitro gastrointestinal tract digestion model was used to examine the changes of relative molecular weight and spatial structure of oat β-glucan in simulated stomach and small intestine. The results showed that oat β-glucan was not hydrolyzed by digestive enzymes but partially degraded by gastric acid environment, and the triple-stranded helix structure of oat β-glucan was also influenced. Next, gut microbial fermentation model was constructed to study the effect of oat β-glucan on gut microbiota and the metabolism of oat β-glucan in the gut. The results showed that Lactobacillus was the main microbe enriched by oat β-glucan in simulated mice colon while Bacteroides was the primary microbe enriched by oat β-glucan in simulated human colon. Moreover, oat β-glucan degradation was both accompanied by amino acid metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis. Then, these microorganisms that primarily metabolize oat β-glucan were isolated and LPS-induced Raw264.7 cells model was used to assess the effect of the metabolites produced by gut microbial fermentation of oat β-glucan on inflammation. The results suggested that the metabolites produced by 4 species of Lactobacillus partially inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory responses and the metabolites produced by 9 species of Bacteroides all significantly suppressed LPS-induced inflammatory responses. Finally, DSS-induced colitis mice model was further established to systematically analyze the effect of oat β-glucan metabolism on colitis mice. The results showed that intragastric administration of oat β-glucan remarkably ameliorated clinic symptoms, regulated gut microbial community structure, significantly increased SCFAs contents, and caused changes in gut metabolic profiles and pathways in colitis mice. Our findings revealed that oat β-glucan ameliorated DSS-induced colitis in mice simultaneously through regulating gut-derived short-chain fatty acids and gut microbial metabolism.

Effect of oat β-glucan on gut metabolism and health

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