Ionic liquids (ILs) with aprotic heterocyclic anions (AHAs), including pyrrolides, pyrazolides and triazolides, can be tailored for use in a variety of CO2 capture applications. These range from flue gas from coal-fired power plants to direct air capture. They can be used as liquid absorbents in conventional packed beds or in supported ionic liquid membranes. Encapsulated AHA ILs or ones coating a solid support can be used in fluidized beds to capture CO2. The strength of the reaction with CO2 can be tuned by the choice of the anion, as well as electron-withdrawing and electron-donating substituents. One can also vary the importance of a parallel CO2 capture chemistry involving the cation of the IL. For instance, when paired with tetraalkylphosphonium cations, the AHA anions can deprotonate the cation, forming a phosphonium ylide, which reacts with CO2. We will describe experimental measurements probing the suitability of a range of AHA ILs for a variety of applications and in a variety of different configurations. Results include CO2 and N2 uptake isotherms, FTIR ATR and NMR spectroscopic investigations, gas permeabilities and selectivities, and thermophysical property measurements (viscosities, densities, melting points and thermal decomposition temperatures).

Development of aprotic heterocyclic anion (AHA) ionic liquids for carbon capture

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