As one of promising photovoltaic technology, perovskite solar cell (PSC) is extensively studied in past decade. By the classification of the PSC architecture, there are two types PSC: n-i-p regular PSC and p-i-n inverted PSC. And n-i-p type PSC has already achieved over 25 % power conversion efficiency (PCE), better than p-i-n type PSC. For those highly efficient n-i-p type PSC, gold (Au) is the commonest back electrode, which is fabricated by high-vacuum thermal evaporation facility. However, large-scale industrialization of traditional n-i-p type PSC will definitely meet huge obstacle due to expensive high-vacuum coating facilities and very pricy gold metal. It is quite necessary to find a pathway with low-cost manufacture method and raw materials. Ascribed to similar work function with gold, carbon is the most potential substitution for gold back electrode. But the low electrical conductivity of carbon materials would lead high serial electrical resistance for PSC device. Herein, we proposed an innovative strategy of non-vacuum metallization fabrication technique for highly efficient PSC. By coating carbon layer and low-melt alloy layer successively, n-i-p type PSC device based on this bilayer back electrode can achieve PSC over 17 %.

Non-vacuum metallization for highly efficient perovskite solar cell

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