The development of Janus nanoparticles (JNPs) possessing distinctive desired composition and functionalities is inevitable for various applications, especially as imaging-guided cancer treatment. Consequently, this study shows a unique nano-theranostic probe for multimodal applications of magneto-plasmonic Au-Fe3O4 JNPs. The synthesized Au-Fe3O4 JNPs were able to conjugate with beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to improve the cancer treatment efficacy under drug delivery. Herein, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and ibuprofen (IBU) were selected as the drug, loading on the interior and exterior of β-CD, respectively. 5-FU and IBU were used for enhancing imaging-guided cancer treatment. Au-Fe3O4 JNPs proved biocompatible properties through accurate chemical and physical characterizations. In addition, Au-Fe3O4 JNPs show photoacoustic imaging properties because of the heterogeneous structure. The in vitro and in vivo treatment performance of Au-Fe3O4 JNPs was evaluated on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line and BALB/c nude mice (6 week, 18–20g, female). The synthesized JNPs (10 mΜ) exhibit improved near-infrared (NIR)-induced temperature elevation (~ 55°C) performance while irradiated at 1.0 W/cm2 laser power. The in vitro and in vivo results revealed that the dual-drug loaded JNPs under NIR laser irradiation enables complete tumor ablation without reoccurrence of the tumor, indicating the efficiency and significance of imaging-guided cancer treatment. This study supports these Au-Fe3O4 JNPs as powerful theranostic nanoplatforms according to the characteristics of JNPs and integrated imaging and treatment functionalities.

Janus Au-Fe3O4 nanoparticles for multimodal applications: Photothermal, photodynamic therapy, and photoacoustic imaging-guided cancer therapy

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