Cyclotides are plant-based cyclic peptides with unique structural features including a cyclic cystine knot and exhibit pharmaceutical activity. The present study investigates a comparison of the efficiency of extraction of cyclotides from Australian violet (Viola hederacea) using conventional solvent extraction with a microwave-assisted technique. In addition, preliminary UV-Vis absorption, steady-state excitation, and emission properties of cyclotides purified using C18 solid-phase extraction will be presented. In the traditional extraction method ethanol: water (1:5 V/V) or methanol: water (1:1 V/V), dichloromethane, and chloroform have been used to obtain 3-4 % extraction yields. A ‘greener’ and time-efficient microwave-assisted extraction using only water as a solvent resulted in 3 % yields with respect to the mass ratio of fresh to dried plants. The UV-Vis absorption spectrum of cyclotides purified using C18 solid-phase extraction in water exhibits two absorption maxima centered at 268 nm and 318 nm. The steady-state emission spectrum (excitation wavelength 355 nm) shows an emission maximum centered at 435 nm.

Comparison of microwave-assisted extraction with conventional extraction of cyclotides and preliminary photophysical studies

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