The objective of this research was to investigate the catalytic activity of Fe-Pd bimetallic nanoparticles, synthesized using banana leaf extract of Musa Paradisiaca, on Sonogashira and Stille cross-coupling reactions. Banana leaf extract (BLE) was prepared by boiling fresh banana leaves (50 g) in deionized water (150 mL) for 30 minutes.The UV-Vis spectrum peaks of the BLE correspond to the polyphenolic compounds that can act as reducing, capping and stabilizing agents during nanoparticle synthesis. PdCl2 (0.050 M) and Fe2O3 (0.0028M) were used as precursors to synthesize the bimetallic nanoparticles. Synthesized Fe-Pd nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction. The powder X-ray diffraction study confirmed the crystal structure of zero-valent Pd. The synthesized Fe-Pd nanoparticles showed magnetic properties which is an important feature for catalytic reusability.The optimum reaction conditions for Sonogashira C-C cross coupling reaction of bromobenzene and phenylacetylene were found out to be 0.63% Fe-Pd nanoparticles (with respect to bromobenzene) in water (solvent) using K2CO3 (2 mmol) as a base at 60 0C for 30 min. The purified product, diphenyl acetylene was isolated in 47% yield. Stille cross- coupling reaction was carried out using Fe-Pd NPs (2% w/w, relative to bromobenzene) as the catalyst and K2CO3 (2.0 mmol) as the base at 80 0C in water for 1 h. The Stille cross-coupling reaction of bromobenzene with tributylphenylstannane yielded pure biphenyl in 87%. It can be concluded that Fe-Pd bimetallic NPs synthesized using banana leaf extract can be applied as a catalyst on Sonogashira and Stille cross-coupling reactions.

Catalytic activity of green synthesized iron-palladium bimetallic nanoparticles on Sonogashira and Stille cross coupling reactions

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