Global climate change has threatened the global environment in which human beings survive. "Carbon neutrality" is a key energy strategy to combat global warming. Therefore, the clean conversion of fossil energy as well as the capture and utilization of CO2 are of strategic importance to controlling carbon emissions. Owing to its energy-saving and environment-friendly features, membrane technology has developed into an energy-efficient industrial process with advanced unit operations. Among them, catalytic membrane reactors (CMR) couple catalytic and separation processes in a single unit operation, enabling real-time separation of reaction products. This technology enables simplified industrial processes, lower investment, and reduced energy consumption. It is considered an important development direction in fields such as CO2 reduction and hydrogen energy. As a mixed ionic-electronic conductor, perovskite oxide is the most widely investigated inorganic membrane material in the field of CMR. Under high temperature conditions, dense ceramic oxygen-permeable membranes constructed from perovskite achieve oxygen conduction by lattice vibrations, thus theoretically achieving 100% oxygen selectivity. Over the years, the application of oxygen-permeable membranes has broadened considerably. They have been used not only to separate air and prepare pure oxygen, but also as a heart component in CMR to effectively enhance the conversion and selectivity of catalytic reactions, advancing some reactions that are difficult to carry out in conventional fixed-bed reactors (e.g., CO2 decomposition). This report discusses membrane reactor design, high performance catalyst development, and catalyst nanostructure control in the context of CO2 utilization. The in-situ exsolution principle and stabilization mechanism of A-site defective perovskite catalysts are investigated using characterization methods such as double spherical differential correction transmission electron microscopy. The problems and research perspectives are illustrated.

Dense ceramic membrane reactor for utilization of CO2

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