Urinalysis is a valuable tool for diagnosis and evaluation of many disease states in both livestock and humans and is a noninvasive technique.  However, urine is a complex mixture containing a variety of potentially interfering substances which complicate analysis of urinary ions by many methods. Classical techniques have been largely supplanted by modern instrumental methods in today’s clinical laboratories because they have advantages in accuracy, precision, suitability for automation, and speed.  Unfortunately, many of these methods require expensive equipment and highly trained technical personnel to operate them, which limits their availability to large metropolitan areas and reference labs and can become an obstacle to routine testing for some physiological species for veterinarians and physicians in isolated regions.  This study reports the results of adaptation of classical titrimetric methods to urinalysis of swine urine samples.  Domestic pigs are important meat animals and have also been used as models for human disease states, but information on some basic urinary components, such as sulfate is surprisingly sparse.  For this study, urine samples from a small group of domestic swine were analyzed for sulfate and phosphate content by conductometric titration, and results were compared to those obtained by ion chromatography.

Measurement of sulfate and phosphate levels in domestic swine urine using conductometric titration techniques

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