Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots have attracted a great deal of attention in recent decades due to their remarkable optical and electronic properties. Many applications of these nanomaterials have been proposed for various energy sector technologies. However, their practical realization still faces fundamental challenges. One of the reasons for the slow implementation of quantum dots in device technologies concerns a sharp decline in their performance efficiency, resulting from a large amount of energy being introduced within a small-size nanoparticle. This issue represents one of the main performance-limiting factors in a broad spectrum of quantum dot applications, including photodetectors/X-ray scintillators, photovoltaic devices, and high-brightness LEDs. The present project has addressed this issue by developing two-dimensional semiconductor quantum shells, with a geometry designed to sustain energetic load more efficiently than quantum dots. By enabling an optimal distribution of the excitation energy across the nanostructure, quantum shells effectively prevent the primary mechanism of energy losses – Auger recombination. The advantages of quantum shells over quantum dots are demonstrated using a three-pronged research strategy, which includes: synthetic innovation, spectroscopic measurements of optoelectronic characteristics, and device fabrication. As part of this effort, quantum shells will be explored in applications that have previously faced substantial energy losses due to Auger recombination in quantum dots. These include X-ray scintillators, photovoltaic devices, quantum light sources, and high-brightness LEDs. Several types of semiconductor materials have been investigated to expand the spectral range of the quantum shell optical response.

Recent advancement in 2D nanomaterials promoting success of multi-excitonic applications by suppressing auger recombination

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