The family of rhodols was rarely used as fluorophores, despite their unique emission wavelength, photostability and special photophysical properties. As an example, a selected rhodole scaffold was used for the specific labeling of anti-Her2 antibody trastuzumab. This fluorescent conjugate showed high fluorophore-antibody ratio and was confirmed as a useful tool for labelling and confocal as well as two-photon microscopy imaging of tumor cells <i>in vitro</i> together with the <i>ex vivo</i> two-photon microscopy imaging of tumor slices. In order to find best rhodole candidate for the labeling, a large pool of julolidine containing rhodole molecules were synthetized in a two-step synthetic route with various functional groups. They were characterized by one-photon and two-photon spectroscopy. The energetics of excitation states and molecular orbitals of two members were investigated by quantum chemical computations suggesting effects for the improved properties. These properties nominated this chemotype as a useful fluorophore for the development of fluorescent antibodies.

Synthesis, comprehensive development and application of two-photon active fluorescent rhodol dyes for cancer diagnostics

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