Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful analytical technique used in the field of biosensing for the detection of single molecules or entities, such as viruses. SERS is dependent on the exploitation of the electromagnetic enhancement induced by excitation of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). We explored the synthesis of alternative LSPR-supporting substrate platforms to develop an optimal SERS detection scheme for viruses. Metal film over nanospheres (FON) substrates and nanoparticle colloids were synthesized as potential SERS substrates to be used with the polymer affinity agent, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA). Each substrate’s viability was evaluated based on its LSPR, nanoscale surface roughness, and pHEMA SERS signals. To achieve maximum enhancement, we tuned the substrates’ LSPR by altering the method and thickness of the gold deposition. When comparing the FONs substrates, those coated using an electron beam deposition produced a more red-shifted LSPR, higher nanoroughness, and stronger polymer Raman peak intensity than the substrates coated with a sputter deposition. Gold nanosphere and nanostar colloids were also synthesized as potential SERS substrates, but both overall performed less well than the FONs. We will continue optimizing the LSPR and conduct virus detection studies with the best performing SERS substrates.

Optimizing substrate design of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for virus detection

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