Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) is a p-type material due to copper vacancies in the crystal lattice with a bandgap of about 2.17 eV having various promising advantages as a material for solar cells like low-cost and non-toxicity. In this study, Cu2O nanorod films have been synthesized on top of the soda-lime glass by the modified successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (m-SILAR) technique by altering the concentration of electrolyte, for instance, NaCl into the precursor solution. The physical properties such as structural, electrical, and optical properties of Cu2O nanorod films have been investigated by several characterization tools. Structural analyses using X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the polycrystalline Cu2O phase with (111) preferential growth. Further, Raman scattering spectroscopic measurements confirmed the characteristic peaks of the pure Cu2O phase. The resistivity of the Cu2O nanorod thin films dropped significantly from 15,142 to 685 Ω.cm with varying concentrations of NaCl from 0 to 4 mmol. The optical bandgap of the synthesized Cu2O nanorod films was calculated as 1.88~2.36 eV from the percentage of transmittance and diffusion reflectance spectra. The temperature-dependent activation energies of the Cu2O were found as about 0.14~0.21 eV. SEM photographs showed that the length of the Cu2O nanorods was &gt; 1 µm when the concentration of NaCl was 4 mmol. The Cu2O nanorods were stable up to 230 0C showing the same optical band gap as the as-deposited samples. The film synthesized using 4 mmol of NaCl demonstrated the lowest resistivity, activation energy, and uniform nanorod morphology. This investigation results that the small amount of NaCl electrolytes in the precursor complex has a significant influence on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of Cu2O nanorods which could be useful in optoelectronic device applications.

Synthesis of cuprous oxide nanorod films in the presence of NaCl by successive ionic adsorption and reaction method for optoelectronic device applications

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