Filamentous fungi can synthesize a variety of nanoparticles (NPs), a process referred to as mycosynthesis that requires little energy input, does not require the use of harsh chemicals, occurs at near neutral pH, and does not produce toxic byproducts. While NP synthesis involves reaction between metal ions and exudates produced by the fungi, the chemical and biochemical parameters underlying this process remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of fungal species and precursor salt on the mycosynthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs. Our data demonstrates that all five fungal species tested are able to produce ZnO structures that can be morphologically classified into (i) well-defined nanoparticles, (ii) coalesced/dissolving nanoparticles, and (iii) micron-sized square plates. Further, species dependent preferences for these morphologies were observed, suggesting potential differences in the profile or concentration of the biochemical constituents in their individual exudates. Our data also demonstrates that mycosynthesis of ZnO NPs was independent of the anion species, with nitrate, sulfate, and chloride showing no effect on NP production. These results enhance our understanding of factors controlling the mycosynthesis of ceramic NPs, supporting future studies that can enable control over the physical and chemical properties of NPs formed through this “green” synthesis method.

Mycosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles exhibits fungal species dependent morphological preference

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