Heavy metals contamination in human food chain has become a major concern in recent years in many countries. Food plants grown in polluted waterbodies and soil could accumulate and distribute elevated level of toxic elements in the edible parts. Pollution characteristics, uptake and translocation mechanism of different heavy metals in crops and vegetables plants grown in industrially contaminated areas have been investigated. Transfer and excessive deposition of heavy and toxic metals in various plants organs from their growth mediums were examined. Pollution Load Index (PLI), Bioconcentration Factor (BCF), and Metal Pollution Index (MPI) analysis data revealed the mobilization and translocation patterns of toxic metals in various food plants parts from contaminated waterbodies and soil. Evaluation of human health impact with various analyses such as Total Target Hazard Index (TTHQ), Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Hazard Index (HI), and Target Carcinogenic Risk (TCR) strongly suggest potential threat of higher carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks for both adult and children from the consumption of metal contaminated crops and vegetables. Long term direct intake of food items polluted with toxic metals may cause various severe diseases in human body.

Excessive uptake and translocation patterns of heavy metals in various food plants parts and their impacts on human health

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